Although tramadol is a weaker type of opioid, overdosing is still possible. Tramadol can cause dependence, addiction, and in extreme cases, overdose.
What is Tramadol?
Tramadol is an opioid analgesic, which means that it is a medication within the opioid class that is primarily used for pain relief (analgesia). It has a dual mechanism, and works by both interacting with opioid receptors in the brain to reduce the perception of pain as well as inhibiting the reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine, making the messengers - which reduce pain and make us feel good - stay in the brain for longer.
Tramadol is commonly prescribed for conditions such as postoperative pain, dental pain, and chronic pain conditions. Tramadol is also a synthetic opioid, which means that it is made in a laboratory and is not derived directly from the opium poppy plant.
Causes of Tramadol Overdose
Tramadol overdose is typically caused by the medication being misused, which can happen for a number of reasons. One reason is euphoria and relaxation - like other opioids, Tramadol can produce these sought-after feelings, and some people misuse it to experience these pleasurable effects, seeking a “high” or escape from stress and emotional pain.
In addition, Tramadol is a prescription pain medication, and some individuals may misuse it to self-manage chronic pain. They may take higher doses than prescribed, take it more frequently than recommended, or use it without a prescription where they don’t have a legitimate medical need for it. Some people are also ignorant of the risks of Tramadol, assuming that because it is a prescription medication, it is safe to use in any way they see fit, which is not the case.
Misusing Tramadol is particularly dangerous because it has the potential for addiction and physical dependence. Individuals may misuse it to satisfy cravings, manage withdrawal symptoms, or feed an existing substance use disorder. Furthermore, some individuals may misuse Tramadol by combining it with other substances like alcohol or benzodiazepines to intensify its effects. This behavior significantly heightens the likelihood of experiencing adverse reactions and overdose.
If a person is taking medication for another health condition, it is important that they know any potential interactions that Tramadol can have with other medications or substances.
How Much Tramadol Can You Take in a Day
In order to know how much tramadol is too much, one has to know what the regular dose of Tramadol is. In terms of dosage, Mayo Clinic explains that for chronic pain, adults are initially prescribed 100mg once a day of Tramadol extended-release tablets. A person’s doctor may increase their dose as needed; however, the dose is usually not more than 300 mg per day.
For moderate to severe pain, adults are initially prescribed 25mg once a day of the Tramadol solution or tablets. A person’s doctor may increase their dose as needed; however, the dose is usually not more than 400 mg per day.
While it's challenging to pinpoint Tramadol lethal dose, any instance where an individual surpasses their prescribed dosage or uses the drug without a prescription increases the risk of overdose. It is of utmost importance to adhere to prescribed guidelines and not self-medicate with Tramadol. This is the most crucial step in preventing Tramadol overdose from occurring.
Tramadol Overdose Symptoms and Signs
Signs and symptoms of a Tramadol overdose may include:
- Respiratory Depression: Opioids like Tramadol can slow down breathing. Shallow or difficulty breathing is a significant sign of overdose and in severe cases, it can lead to respiratory failure.
- Extreme Drowsiness or Sedation: Excessive sleepiness or inability to stay awake can be a symptom of a Tramadol overdose. In severe cases, this can lead to loss of consciousness.
- Constricted Pupils: In cases of opioid overdose, pupils may become extremely small.
- Muscle Weakness or Flaccidity: Overdose can lead to weakness or limpness in the muscles.
- Cold and Clammy Skin: Skin may become cold, pale, and clammy to the touch due to changes in blood flow.
- Hypotension (Low Blood Pressure): Overdose can cause a drop in blood pressure, leading to dizziness or fainting.
- Coma: In severe cases, Tramadol overdose can lead to a loss of consciousness and coma.
- Seizures: Tramadol lowers the seizure threshold, and high doses or overdose may increase the risk of seizures, particularly in individuals who are prone to seizures.
- Gastrointestinal Distress: Overdose can cause nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal issues.
It's important to note that Tramadol has the potential for serotonin syndrome - a potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when there is an excess of serotonin, a neurotransmitter, in the brain. This may happen when Tramadol is taken in excessive amounts or in combination with other medications that affect serotonin levels. Symptoms of serotonin syndrome may include agitation, hallucinations, rapid heartbeat, fever, muscle coordination issues, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Tramadol Overdose Treatment Options
Tramadol overdose can be a serious medical emergency, and immediate medical attention is crucial. Treatment options for Tramadol overdose typically involve supportive care to address symptoms and stabilize the individual.
When an individual who has had a Tramadol overdose is admitted to ER, if the overdose is recent and the individual is conscious, activated charcoal may be administered to help absorb the Tramadol and prevent further absorption into the bloodstream. In some cases, especially if the overdose occurred shortly before medical attention is sought, healthcare providers may perform gastric lavage (stomach pumping) to remove the remaining Tramadol from the stomach.
Treatment often involves providing supportive care to manage symptoms. This may include monitoring vital signs, administering intravenous fluids to maintain hydration, and addressing any complications such as seizures. In cases where respiratory depression is a concern, naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, may be administered to reverse the effects of Tramadol. If seizures occur, they may be managed with anticonvulsant medications.
Following the immediate recovery, individuals will then receive therapeutic treatment in either an inpatient or outpatient facility. Therapy can help explore and address the underlying issues that may have contributed to substance misuse or the overdose. Understanding the root causes can be crucial for preventing future incidents.
Conclusion
If you are struggling with Tramadol addiction or have a loved one who is, reach out to Avenues Recovery Center today where we can guide you through the recovery options available to you. You have the strength within you to overcome challenges - believe in your capacity to change. Our experienced team of addiction specialists will guide and direct you every step of the way. We use a mix of traditional and holistic therapies as well as personalized treatment plans to facilitate optimal success. If you are serious about addiction recovery, contact us today! Discover a world of support, premier care and top-notch staff.